Rare Missense Variants in KCNJ10 Are Associated with Paroxysmal Kinesigenic Dyskinesia

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the group of paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia (PKD) genes is expanding, the molecular cause remains elusive in more than 50% of cases.ObjectiveThe aim is to identify the missing genetic causes of PKD.MethodsPhenotypic characterization, whole exome sequencing and association test were performed among 53 PKD cases.ResultsWe identified four causative variants in KCNJ10, already associated with EAST syndrome (epilepsy, cerebellar ataxia, sensorineural hearing impairment and renal tubulopathy). Homozygous p.(Ile209Thr) variant was found in two brothers from a single autosomal recessive PKD family, whereas heterozygous p.(Cys294Tyr) and p.(Thr178Ile) variants were found in six patients from two autosomal dominant PKD families. Heterozygous p.(Arg180His) variant was identified in one additional sporadic PKD case. Compared to the Genome Aggregation Database v2.1.1, our PKD cohort was significantly enriched in both rare heterozygous (odds ratio, 21.6; P = 9.7 × 10−8) and rare homozygous (odds ratio, 2047; P = 1.65 × 10−6) missense variants in KCNJ10.ConclusionsWe demonstrated that both rare monoallelic and biallelic missense variants in KCNJ10 are associated with PKD. © 2024 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.