A computational study of double perovskites A2BI6 (A = Cs, K, Rb; B = Pt, Sn) invoking density functional theory

Abstract

AbstractLead‐free double perovskite materials A2BI6 (A = Cs, K, Rb; B = Pt and Sn) have been studied and analyzed invoking density functional theory (DFT). Computed values of the HOMO–LUMO gap for lead‐free double perovskites material A2BI6 are found in the range of 1.062–2.811 eV. The energy gaps of K2PtI6, K2SnI6, and Rb2SnI6 are in the optimal energy gap range (0.9 to 1.6 eV) required for a lead‐free double perovskite system. Conceptual DFT‐based descriptors, viz., molecular hardness, softness, electronegativity, electrophilicity index, dipole moment, and polarizability, are computed. The result reveals that K2PtI6 shows high efficacy towards electron injection and may show the maximum electron driving force. The optical properties—refractive index and dielectric constant—of these perovskites are also computed. The maximum value of refractive index and dielectric constant is found for K2PtI6. Our computed results are in good agreement with the available experimental and other theoretical data. Perovskite materials K2PtI6, K2SnI6, and Rb2SnI6 display a suitable energy gap as well as a high refractive index and dielectric constant, which makes them suitable for photovoltaic applications.