Quantum Sensing and Light Guiding with Fluorescent Nanodiamond‐Doped PVA Fibers

Author:

Styles Roy1,Candini Andrea2ORCID,Guarino Vincenzo3ORCID,Robertson Islay1ORCID,Singh Priya1ORCID,Cruz‐Maya Iriczalli3ORCID,Benfenati Valentina2ORCID,Abraham Amanda N.4ORCID,Abe Hiroshi5ORCID,Ohshima Takeshi56ORCID,Broadway David A.1ORCID,Greentree Andrew D.4ORCID,Gibson Brant C.4ORCID,Ambrosio Luigi3ORCID,Tetienne Jean‐Philippe1ORCID,Reineck Philipp4ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Science RMIT University Melbourne VIC 3001 Australia

2. National Research Council of Italy Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF‐CNR) Bologna 40129 Italy

3. Institute of Polymers Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB) National Research Council Naples 80125 Italy

4. ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics School of Science RMIT University Melbourne VIC 3001 Australia

5. National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology Takasaki Gunma 370‐1292 Japan

6. Department of Materials Science Tohoku University 6‐6‐2 Aramaki‐Aza, Aoba‐ku Sendai Miyagi 980‐8579 Japan

Abstract

AbstractFluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) containing quantum defects enable the optical measurement of electromagnetic fields and temperature and are among the most developed nanoscale quantum sensors today. Yet, for many applications in biomedicine and beyond, FNDs must be integrated into biocompatible substrates that preserve FND sensitivity and bring FNDs within nanoscale distance of their sensing target. At the same time, the high excitation light intensity required for most quantum sensing protocols remains a major challenge for applications in biomedicine. Here, it is shown that FNDs embedded in polyvinyl‐alcohol (PVA) fibers are a powerful 3D platform for nanoscale quantum sensing via light guiding. First, it is demonstrated that biocompatible PVA fibers can guide light to excite FNDs >10 µm from the excitation beam. Using this light‐guiding‐enabled excitation, optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) and T1 spin relaxometry measurements are performed using the nitrogen‐vacancy (NV) center in FNDs. Through ODMR thermometry, it is shown that light‐guiding‐enabled excitation mitigates light‐induced heating. Finally, the quantum sensing capability of the platform is established by detecting paramagnetic gadolinium in a dry and aqueous environment using T1 relaxometry of the NV center in FNDs. These results pave the way for light‐guiding‐enabled optical quantum sensing in biomedicine using nanodiamond‐doped biosubstrates.

Funder

Australian Research Council

Air Force Office of Scientific Research

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials

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