Unique diet and Philonema sp. infections in reservoir‐rearing juvenile Chinook Salmon

Author:

Larson Marina S.1,Choudhury Anindo2,Gardner Ethan N.1,Konstantinidis Peter3,Murphy Christina A.4ORCID,Kent Michael L.56,Peterson James T.17,Couch Claire E.16

Affiliation:

1. Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA

2. Division of Natural Sciences St. Norbert College De Pere Wisconsin USA

3. Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity, Museum of Nature Hamburg Germany

4. U.S. Geological Survey, Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Orono Maine USA

5. Department of Microbiology Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA

6. Department of Biomedical Sciences Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA

7. U.S. Geological Survey, Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Corvallis Oregon USA

Abstract

AbstractObjectiveDams and reservoirs can alter juvenile growth and survival of migratory salmonids through several physical and biological mechanisms. Juvenile Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha that are produced upstream of large hydropower dams may have associated passage mortality, but the reservoirs created by these dams can support rapid growth. Characterizing the biotic drivers of growth and mortality in reservoirs may aid in understanding the cumulative effects of river impoundments on migratory salmonid populations. The purpose of this study was to understand how reservoirs facilitate rapid growth in juvenile Chinook Salmon.MethodsWe analyzed stomach contents to determine diet composition throughout the summer and fall. We also recorded prevalence of the parasitic nematode Philonema sp. in the coeloms of fish.ResultWe found that juvenile Chinook Salmon frequently consumed young‐of‐year centrarchids, which likely contributed to rapid growth. Piscivory was highest from July through October and decreased with surface temperature from November through December. Correspondingly, zooplankton and arthropod consumption increased in November and December. Prevalence of visible Philonema sp. infections in the coelom was high (34.6%), negatively associated with time, and nonlinearly associated with fork length.ConclusionThese findings reveal unique diet patterns and suggest potential parasite‐associated mortality in reservoir‐rearing Chinook Salmon, but more detailed studies across a longer time scale are needed to robustly assess the population‐level effects of this parasite.

Funder

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

Publisher

Wiley

Reference49 articles.

1. Nematode parasites of vertebrates: their development and transmission.

2. Barton K.(2020).MuMIn: Multi‐model inference. R package.https://CRAN.R‐project.org/package=MuMIn

3. Bashirullah A. K. M.(1967).The development and maturation of Philonema species (Nematoda: Philometridae) in salmonid hosts with different life histories[Doctoral dissertation University of British Columbia].https://dx.doi.org/10.14288/1.0104565

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