The structural complexity of pyomelanin impacts UV shielding in Pseudomonas species with different lifestyles

Author:

Diaz Appella Mateo N.1,Kolender Adriana23,Oppezzo Oscar J.4,López Nancy I.15,Tribelli Paula M.15ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires Argentina

2. Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA) Argentina

3. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)‐UBA Centro de Investigación en Hidratos de Carbono (CIHIDECAR) Buenos Aires Argentina

4. Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica Buenos Aires Argentina

5. IQUIBICEN‐CONICET Buenos Aires Argentina

Abstract

Pyomelanin, a polymeric pigment in Pseudomonas, arises mainly from alterations in tyrosine degradation. The chemical structure of pyomelanin remains elusive due to its heterogeneous nature. Here, we report strain‐specific differences in pyomelanin structural features across Pseudomonas using PAO1 and PA14 reference strains carrying mutations in hmgA (a gene involved in pyomelanin synthesis), a melanogenic P. aeruginosa clinical isolate (PAM), and a melanogenic P. extremaustralis (PexM). UV spectra showed dual peaks for PAO1 and PA14 mutants and single peaks for PAM and PexM. FTIR phenol : alcohol ratio changes and complex NMR spectra indicated non‐linear polymers. UVC radiation survival increased with pyomelanin addition, correlating with pigment absorption attenuation. P. extremaustralis UVC survival varied with melanin source, with PAO1 pyomelanin being the most protective. These findings delineate structure‐based pyomelanin subgroups, having distinct physiological effects.

Funder

Agencia Nacional de Promoción de la Investigación, el Desarrollo Tecnológico y la Innovación

Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas

Secretaria de Ciencia y Tecnica, Universidad de Buenos Aires

Publisher

Wiley

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