Lipid droplets and fatty acid‐induced lipotoxicity: in a nutshell

Author:

Obaseki Eseiwi1,Adebayo Daniel1,Bandyopadhyay Sumit1,Hariri Hanaa1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biological Sciences Wayne State University Detroit MI USA

Abstract

Lipid droplets (LDs) are fat storage organelles that are conserved from bacteria to humans. LDs are broken down to supply cells with fatty acids (FAs) that can be used as an energy source or membrane synthesis. An overload of FAs disrupts cellular functions and causes lipotoxicity. Thus, by acting as hubs for storing excess fat, LDs prevent lipotoxicity and preserve cellular homeostasis. LD synthesis and turnover have to be precisely regulated to maintain a balanced lipid distribution and allow for cellular adaptation during stress. Here, we discuss how prolonged exposure to excess lipids affects cellular functions, and the roles of LDs in buffering cellular stress focusing on lipotoxicity.

Funder

National Institute of General Medical Sciences

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Cell Biology,Genetics,Molecular Biology,Biochemistry,Structural Biology,Biophysics

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