Transcriptional activation of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis virulence‐associated small RNA MTS1338 by the response regulators DosR and PhoP

Abstract

MTS1338, a distinctive small RNA in pathogenic mycobacteria, plays a crucial role in host–pathogen interactions during infection. Mycobacterial cells encounter heterogeneous stresses in macrophages, which highly upregulate MTS1338. A dormancy regulatory factor DosR regulates the intracellular abundance of MTS1338. Herein, we investigated the interplay of DosR and a low pH‐inducible gene regulator PhoP binding to the MTS1338 promoter. We identified that DosR strongly binds to two regions upstream of the MTS1338 gene. The proximal region possesses a threefold higher affinity than the distal site, but the presence of both regions increased the affinity for DosR by > 10‐fold. PhoP did not bind to the MTS1338 gene but binds to the DosR‐bound MTS1338 gene, suggesting a concerted mechanism for MTS1338 expression.