Cancer incidence after asthma diagnosis: Evidence from a large clinical research network in the United States

Author:

Guo Yi12ORCID,Bian Jiang12,Chen Zhaoyi1,Fishe Jennifer N.3,Zhang Dongyu24ORCID,Braithwaite Dejana24,George Thomas J.125ORCID,Shenkman Elizabeth A.12,Licht Jonathan D.25

Affiliation:

1. Department of Health Outcomes and Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA

2. University of Florida Health Cancer Center Gainesville Florida USA

3. Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine – Jacksonville University of Florida Jacksonville Florida USA

4. Department of Epidemiology University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA

5. Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundPrior studies on the association between asthma and cancer show inconsistent results. This study aimed to generate additional evidence on the association between asthma and cancer, both overall, and by cancer type, in the United States.MethodWe conducted a retrospective cohort study using 2012–2020 electronic health records and claims data in the OneFlorida+ clinical research network. Our study population included a cohort of adult patients with asthma (n = 90,021) and a matching cohort of adult patients without asthma (n = 270,063). We built Cox proportional hazards models to examine the association between asthma diagnosis and subsequent cancer risk.ResultsOur results showed that asthma patients were more likely to develop cancer compared to patients without asthma in multivariable analysis (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.36, 99% confidence interval [CI] = 1.29–1.44). Elevated cancer risk was observed in asthma patients without (HR = 1.60; 99% CI: 1.50–1.71) or with (HR = 1.11; 99% CI: 1.03–1.21) inhaled steroid use. However, in analyses of specific cancer types, cancer risk was elevated for nine of 13 cancers in asthma patients without inhaled steroid use but only for two of 13 cancers in asthma patients with inhaled steroid use, suggesting a protective effect of inhaled steroid use on cancer.ConclusionThis is the first study to report a positive association between asthma and overall cancer risk in the US population. More in‐depth studies using real‐word data are needed to further explore the causal mechanisms of asthma on cancer risk.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Cancer Research,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging,Oncology

Reference25 articles.

1. Cancer Statistics, 2021

2. Inflammation and cancer

3. Inflammation and cancer: An ancient link with novel potentials

4. Chronic inflammation and asthma

5. CDC.Most Recent National Asthma Data. April 7 2021. Accessed August 28 2021.https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/most_recent_national_asthma_data.htm2021.

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