Mechanical Integrity and Reinforcement Efficiency of Graphene Grown on Liquid Copper by Chemical Vapor Deposition

Author:

Sfougkaris Ilias1,Tsakonas Christos1,Manikas Anastasios C.12ORCID,Pastore Carbone Maria Giovanna1ORCID,Pavlou Christos1,Groot Irene M. N.3,Saedi Mehdi4,van Baarle Gertjan J. C.5,de Voogd Marc5,Rein Valentina6ORCID,Jankowski Maciej6ORCID,Konovalov Oleg V.6ORCID,Renaud Gilles7,Galiotis Costas12

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences Foundation of Research and Technology Hellas Platani St. Patras 26504 Greece

2. Department of Chemical Engineering University of Patras 1 Karatheodori St. Patras 26504 Greece

3. Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University P.O. Box 9502 Leiden 2300 RA The Netherlands

4. Physics Department Shahid Beheshti University Tehran 1983969411 Iran

5. Leiden Probe Microscopy (LPM) Kenauweg 21 Leiden 2331 BA The Netherlands

6. ESRF – The European Synchrotron 71 Avenue des Martyrs Grenoble 38043 France

7. Univ. Grenoble Alpes and CEA IRIG/MEM/NRX Grenoble 38000 France

Abstract

AbstractGraphene is a perfect 2D crystal of covalently bonded carbon atoms and constitutes the building block for all graphitic structures. Its superior properties make it an attractive material for a variety of technological applications. However, mass production does not meet the initial expectations. Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) is currently the only available method for large‐scale automated production, but the produced graphene sheets suffer from structural and morphological defects that degrade considerably the mechanical and other physical properties of synthesized graphene. Recently, the use of liquid metal catalysts (LMCat) has been proposed as an alternative platform for facile and high‐quality synthesis of single‐crystal graphene. Herein, simultaneous Raman spectroscopy combined with mechanical testing is adopted confirming that the reinforcing efficiency of the LMCat graphene is greatly improved. In fact, the effective Young's modulus of LMCat graphene has been found ≈630 GPa, which is significantly higher than the graphene grown on solid Cu substrate due to differences in the morphology of Cu substrate. Overall, this work paves the way for the development of defect‐free graphene of quality comparable to exfoliated flakes, and this will have a major technological impact for many applications.

Publisher

Wiley

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