Affiliation:
1. Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano via Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
2. Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali (INSTM) Via Giusti 9 50121 Firenze Italy
3. Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile dell'Energia dell'Ambiente e dei Materiali (DICEAM) Università “Mediterranea” Loc. Feo di Vito 89122 Reggio Calabria Italy
4. Department of Aerospace Science and Technology Politecnico di Milano via La Masa 34 20156 Milano Italy
5. Dipartimento di Chimica & NIS Università degli Studi di Torino Via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
6. Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche e Informatiche Scienze Fisiche e Scienze della Terra (MIFT) Università di Messina Viale Stagno d'Alcontres 31 98166 Messina Italy
Abstract
AbstractGraphene oxide (GO) with different oxidation degrees is prepared by a modified Hummers’ method varying KMnO4 amount from 0.5 to 6.0 g. X‐ray powder diffraction (XRPD), micro–Raman, thermogravimetric analysis, X‐ray photoeelectron spectroscopy, Boehm titrations, high–resolution transmission electron microscopy, and, finally, positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) are exploited to assess the properties of GO. Results show that increasing oxidant species can tune the interlayer gap between GO sheets up to a maximum value in the case of 4.0 g KMnO4 content. Moreover, these results validate the two‐component‐based model of GO in which, at low oxidation degree, there are unsplit/isolated graphene planes, instead at higher oxidant amounts, a five‐layer sandwiched configuration occurs comprising graphene planes having functional groups decorating the edges (bwGO), hydrated oxidative debris (OD) and “empty” spaces (revealed by PALS as the distance between (bwGO + OD) two‐component layers). In addition, by XRPD analysis, the total gap between two sheets is easily computed. In order to correlate these findings to pollutant removal capability, planar o‐toluidine adsorption is studied. Since this molecule diffuses in an aqueous environment, the obtained adsorption percentages are compared to the thickness of the hydrated OD grafted onto bwGO. A strict connection between the pollutant removal efficacy and the variation of the hydrated interlayer distance is found.
Subject
Mechanical Engineering,Mechanics of Materials
Cited by
1 articles.
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