Affiliation:
1. Department of Materials Chemistry School of Materials Science and Engineering Jingdezhen Ceramic University Jingdezhen Jiangxi 333403 P. R. China
2. Laboratoire de Recherche en Matériaux et Micro‐spectroscopies Raman et FTIR Université de Moncton‐Campus de Shippagan Shippagan NB E8S 1P6 Canada
3. Physics Department Mount Allison University Sackville NB E4L 1E6 Canada
4. National Engineering Research Centre for Domestic & Building Ceramics Jingdezhen Ceramic University Jingdezhen Jiangxi 333001 P. R. China
Abstract
AbstractSteaming‐assisted conversion route, a new strategy, is first adapted for the synthesis of highly crystallized anatase TiO2 2D inverse opal (IO) monolayer films, and then to Nb‐doped TiO2 and W‐doped TiO2 2D IO monolayer films. Pure water, ammonia, or HCl solutions are used as a source of steaming vapor to convert dry films of amorphous TiO2 IO, NbCl5/TiO2, and WCl6/TiO2 composite IOs into anatase TiO2, Nb‐doped TiO2, and W‐doped TiO2 IO films. This new strategy renders possible the doping of metal ions within the framework of the anatase TiO2 IO films under low temperature and liquid‐free conditions. Further, the ordered array structure of the IO films is also effectively retained. The low steaming conversion temperature allows high dopant rates of homogeneously distributed heteroatoms, resulting in Nb doping as high as ≈34%. The thus prepared TiO2, Nb‐doped TiO2, and W‐doped TiO2 anatase IO films are successfully used as active electrodes in the fabrication of electrochromic devices.
Funder
Canada Foundation for Innovation
Subject
Mechanical Engineering,Mechanics of Materials