1. Department of Cardiovascular; Renal and Metabolic Medicine; Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Sapporo 060-8543 Japan
2. Hiramitsu Heart Clinic; Shiroshita-cho 2-35, Minami-ku Nagoya 457-0047 Aichi Japan
3. Department of Joint Research Laboratory of Clinical Medicine; Fujita Health University School of Medicine; Toyoake 470-1192 Aichi Japan
4. Department of Public Health; Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine; Sapporo 060-8543 Japan
5. Department of Nursing; Division of Medical and Behavioral Subjects; Sapporo Medical University School of Health Sciences; Sapporo 060-8543 Japan
6. Sapporo Medical University; S-1, W-16 Chuo-ku Sapporo 060-8543 Japan