Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Generate Both Retinal Ganglion Cells and Photoreceptors: Therapeutic Implications in Degenerative Changes in Glaucoma and Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Author:

Parameswaran Sowmya1,Balasubramanian Sudha1,Babai Norbert1,Qiu Fang2,Eudy James D.3,Thoreson Wallace B.1,Ahmad Iqbal1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Omaha, Nebraska, USA

2. Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Omaha, Nebraska, USA

3. Department of Genetics Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA

Abstract

Abstract The direct reprogramming of somatic cells to a pluripotent state holds significant implications for treating intractable degenerative diseases by ex vivo cell therapy. In addition, the reprogrammed cells can serve as a model for diseases and the discovery of drugs and genes. Here, we demonstrate that mouse fibroblast induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent a renewable and robust source of retinal progenitors, capable of generating a wide range of retinal cell types that includes retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), cone, and rod photoreceptors. They respond to simulated microenvironment of early and late retinal histogenesis by differentiating into stage-specific retinal cell types through the recruitment of normal mechanisms. The depth of the retinal potential of iPSCs suggests that they may be used to formulate stem cell approaches to understand and treat a wide range of retinal degenerative diseases from glaucoma to age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Funder

Lincy Foundation

Pearson Foundation

Nebraska Department of Health

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Cell Biology,Developmental Biology,Molecular Medicine

Reference52 articles.

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