Inspecting the anti‐tuberculosis, antimicrobial, and anti‐inflammatory efficiency of newly synthesized Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II) and Zn (II) complexes of hydrazone ligands: Characterization and computational studies

Abstract

In the current research, we have reported the synthesis of eight new Co (II), Ni (II), Cu (II) and Zn (II) metal complexes from aldehyde derivatives and 3,5‐dichlorobenzohydrazide‐based hydrazone ligands (HL1HL2) in an effort to identify a combating agent for infectious ailments. Further, numerous physical and spectral studies were carried out to characterize the compounds and the spectral analysis indicates octahedral geometry around central metal ions in the complexes. The anti‐tuberculosis (TB) activity indicates that the complexes (3–10) are highly active for TB ailment and Zn (II) complex (10) has double efficacy to control the TB dysfunction with MIC value (0.006 ± 0.001 μmol/mL) in comparison with streptomycin (0.010 ± 0.001 μmol/mL) while complexes (6), (8), and (9) are comparably active (0.013 ± 0.001–0.014 ± 0.002 μmol/mL MIC) to inhibit the TB malformation. The antimicrobial investigation affirmed that zinc complex (10) has higher efficacy to control the microbial ailments with 0.0064–0.0129 μmol/mL MIC value. The anti‐inflammatory activity also revealed that the complexes (3–10) are highly active for inflammation and the Zn complex (10) has comparable IC50 value (7.58 ± 0.02 μM) with diclofenac sodium to hinder the inflammation diseases. Furthermore, the computational techniques such as molecular docking, density functional theory, molecular electrostatic potential and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity studies were conducted against highly active ligand (2) and its complexes (7–10) which advocates that the biological activity of the hydrazone ligands was increased on complexation and the complex (10) has higher potency to control infectious ailments that behave as effective infection inhibitor without any toxic effects. Hence, the present research gives a new insight for in vivo investigation.