1. Department of Civil Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 1A4 Canada
2. Urban Transportation Research and Advancement Centre, Department of Civil Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 1A4 Canada
3. Toronto ITS Centre and Testbed, Department of Civil Engineering; University of Toronto; Toronto M5S 1A4 Canada
4. Center of Research Excellence in Hajj and Omrah (HajjCoRE); Umm Al-Qura University; Makkah 21 955 Saudi Arabia