Combined anti‐PD‐1 and anti‐CTLA‐4 checkpoint blockade: Treatment of melanoma and immune mechanisms of action

Author:

Willsmore Zena N.1,Coumbe Ben G. T.1,Crescioli Silvia1,Reci Sara1,Gupta Ayushi1,Harris Robert J.1,Chenoweth Alicia12,Chauhan Jitesh1,Bax Heather J.13,McCraw Alexa1,Cheung Anthony12,Osborn Gabriel1,Hoffmann Ricarda M.1,Nakamura Mano1,Laddach Roman14,Geh Jenny L. C.5,MacKenzie‐Ross Alastair5,Healy Ciaran5,Tsoka Sophia4,Spicer James F.3,Josephs Debra H.13,Papa Sophie67,Lacy Katie E.1,Karagiannis Sophia N.12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. St. John's Institute of Dermatology School of Basic & Medical Biosciences King's College London London SE1 9RT United Kingdom

2. Breast Cancer Now Research Unit School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences King's College London, Guy's Cancer Centre London United Kingdom

3. School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences King's College London London United Kingdom

4. Department of Informatics Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences King's College London London United Kingdom

5. Department of Plastic Surgery at Guy's King's, and St. Thomas' Hospitals London United Kingdom

6. Department of Medical Oncology Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust London United Kingdom

7. ImmunoEngineering School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine King's College London London United Kingdom

Funder

Medical Research Council

Breast Cancer Now

Cancer Research UK

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Immunology,Immunology and Allergy

Reference93 articles.

1. Melanoma skin cancer statistics | Cancer Research UK.https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health‐professional/cancer‐statistics/statistics‐by‐cancer‐type/melanoma‐skin‐cancer

2. World Cancer Research Fund.https://www.wcrf.org/dietandcancer/cancer‐trends/skin‐cancer‐statistics.2020.

3. Melanoma Risk and Survival among Organ Transplant Recipients

4. Cancer stage at diagnosis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus and transplant recipients

5. CTLA-4 engagement inhibits IL-2 accumulation and cell cycle progression upon activation of resting T cells.

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