Volatile Dual‐Solvent Assisted Intermediate Phase Regulation for Anti‐Solvent‐Free Perovskite Photovoltaics

Abstract

AbstractThe unprecedented development of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) makes them one of the most promising candidates for terawatt‐scale green energy production with low cost. However, the high boiling point solvents during the solution‐processed film deposition cause anisotropic crystal growth and toxic solvent vapor during high‐throughput manufacturing. Here, a dual‐component green solvent consisting of isopropyl acetate and acetonitrile is proposed to form a volatile perovskite precursor, which can realize the high‐quality perovskite thin film deposition by intermediate phase regulation. A room‐temperature stable perovskite intermediate phase is constructed with the engagement of isopropyl acetate as co‐solvent, which suppresses the exploding nucleation rate in volatile perovskite precursor, providing a fine grain growth rate and wide processing window in scalable film deposition. The corresponding PSCs fabricated by blade coating without anti‐solvents or gas quenching achieve power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 16.37 % and 15.29 % for the areas of 14.08 cm2 and 37.83 cm2, respectively.