Affiliation:
1. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bioresources and Ecology Guangdong Key Laboratory of Marine Materia Medica South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Science Guangzhou 510301 China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Science 19 Yuquan Road Beijing 100049 China
3. Sanya Institute of Oceanology Eco-Environmental Engineering Yazhou Scientific Bay Sanya 572000 China
Abstract
AbstractIdentifying new environmental resistance determinants is significant to combat rising antibiotic resistance. Herein we report the unexpected correlation of a lobophorin (LOB) resistance‐related glycosidase KijX with the host‐dependent chemical diversity of LOBs, by a process of glycosylation, deglycosylation and reglycosylation. KijX homologues are widespread among bacteria, archaea and fungi, and encode the same glycohydrolytic activity on LOBs. The crystal structure of AcvX (a KijX homologue) shows a similar fold to that of the glycoside hydrolase family 113 and a special negatively charged groove to accommodate and deglycosylate LOBs. Antagonistic assays indicate kijX as a defense weapon of actinomycetes to combat LOB producers in environment, reflecting an elegant coevolution relationship. Our study provides insight into the KijX‐related glycosidases as preexisting resistance determinants and represents an example of resistance genes accidentally integrated into natural product assembly.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China