Affiliation:
1. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology 411201 Xiangtan China
2. Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology University of Gothenburg 41390 Gothenburg Sweden
3. Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences School of Biosciences and Medicine University of Surrey GU27XH Guildford Surrey UK
Abstract
AbstractAn overreactive stress granule (SG) pathway and long‐lived, stable SGs formation are thought to participate in the progress of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). To understand if and how SGs contribute to disorders of neurotransmitter release in NDs, we examined the interaction between extracellular isolated SGs and vesicles. Amperometry shows that the vesicular content increases and dynamics of vesicle opening slow down after vesicles are treated with SGs, suggesting larger vesicles are formed. Data from transmission electron microscopy (TEM) clearly shows that a portion of large dense‐core vesicles (LDCVs) with double/multiple cores appear, thus confirming that SGs induce homotypic fusion between LDCVs. This might be a protective step to help cells to survive following high oxidative stress. A hypothetical mechanism is proposed whereby enriched mRNA or protein in the shell of SGs is likely to bind intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) regions of vesicle associated membrane protein (VAMP) driving a disrupted membrane between two closely buddled vesicles to fuse with each other to form double‐core vesicles. Our results show that SGs induce homotypic fusion of LDCVs, providing better understanding of how SGs intervene in pathological processes and opening a new direction to investigations of SGs involved neurodegenerative disease.
Funder
H2020 European Research Council
H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions
Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse
Vetenskapsrådet