Impact of reduced night work on shift workers’ sleep using difference-in-difference estimation

Author:

Kim Se-Eun1ORCID,Lee Hye-Eun23ORCID,Koo Jung-Wan4

Affiliation:

1. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University Seoul Hospital , Seoul, Republic of Korea

2. Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine , Chuncheon, Republic of Korea

3. Institute of Social Medicine, Hallym University College of Medicine , Chuncheon, Republic of Korea

4. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea , Seoul, Republic of Korea

Abstract

Abstract Objectives We used a quasi-experimental design to investigate the impact of a change in the shift work system by reducing overnight work on the sleep health of workers. Methods A difference-in-difference (DID) analysis was used to investigate changes in sleep time and sleep quality between the experimental group (shift workers, N = 116 in 2007 and N = 118 in 2013) and the control group (regular day workers, N = 256 in 2007 and N = 185 in 2013) before and after a change in the shift system that eliminated overnight work. The sleep outcomes were measured using a questionnaire that inquired about sleep duration, mid-sleep awakenings, and subjective sleep quality. We used a generalized estimating equation model to investigate differences in the prevalence of sleep-related outcomes between baseline and post-intervention. Results In the DID models, the sleep time per day (+0.5 h), the prevalence of awakening during sleep (−13.9%), and self-reported poor sleep quality (−34.9%) were improved with statistical significance during evening shifts in the experimental group, but there was no significant change during day shifts in the experimental group compared to the control group after the implementation of the new shift system without overnight shift. Conclusions Quitting overnight work improved sleep health of shift workers.

Funder

Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

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