Burden of illness and costs in patients with myasthenia gravis currently receiving treatment in the United States

Abstract

AbstractIntroduction/AimsIf myasthenia gravis (MG) symptoms are inadequately controlled, patients may experience exacerbations or life‐threatening myasthenic crises. Patients with inadequately controlled MG symptoms tend to be treated with chronic intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) therapy and/or multiple immunosuppressant therapies (ISTs). This study aimed to examine disease burden, healthcare resource utilization, and associated costs in these patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective observational study using a claims database. Patients with MG were classified into three cohorts based on treatment over a 1‐y follow‐up period: (a) treated with four or more IVIg episodes (chronic IVIg cohort); (b) received two or more non‐steroidal ISTs (NSISTs) sequentially (multiple NSIST cohort); (c) received neither chronic IVIg nor multiple NSISTs (reference cohort). Incidences of crises and exacerbations and annual healthcare costs in each cohort were estimated.ResultsIn total, 3516 patients with MG were included in the analysis. Compared with the reference cohort (n = 2992), the MG crisis rate was approximately twice as high in both the chronic IVIg (n = 324) and multiple NSIST (n = 291) cohorts (p < 0.001); and the MG exacerbation rate was approximately four‐fold higher in the chronic IVIg cohort (p < 0.001) and three‐fold higher in the multiple NSIST cohort (p < 0.001). Median annual MG‐related inflation‐adjusted total healthcare costs were higher in the chronic IVIg ($81,900) and multiple NSIST ($30,300) cohorts than in the reference cohort ($2540).DiscussionThe burden of crises/exacerbations was substantially higher and healthcare costs were considerably greater in patients with MG treated with chronic IVIg or multiple NSISTs than in patients not receiving these treatments.