1. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Wayne State University School of Medicine; Detroit Michigan U.S.A
2. Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute; Detroit Michigan U.S.A
3. Department of Neurosurgery; Wayne State University School of Medicine; Detroit Michigan U.S.A
4. Surgical Service, Section of Otolaryngology; John D. Dingell VA Medical Center; Detroit Michigan U.S.A
5. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; University of Washington School of Medicine; Seattle Washington U.S.A