1. Graduate School of Nursing; Osaka City University; Osaka Japan
2. Department of Nursing; Kobe City Hospital Organization Kobe City Medical Center West Hospital; Kobe Japan
3. Division of Diabetes; Kobe City Hospital Organization Kobe City Medical Center West Hospital; Kobe Japan
4. Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology Internal Medicine; Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine; Kobe Japan
5. Department of Dentistry Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery; Kobe City Hospital Organization Kobe City Medical Center West Hospital; Kobe Japan