Affiliation:
1. Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental Universidad de León, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Ambientales León Spain
2. Laboratorio de Evolución Humana Universidad de Burgos Burgos Spain
3. Centro UCM‐ISCIII de Investigación sobre Evolución y Comportamiento Humanos Madrid Spain
4. Departamento de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain
5. Unidad Asociada de I+D+I al CSIC Vidrio y Materiales del Patrimonio Cultural (VIMPAC) Burgos Spain
Abstract
AbstractThe forearm skeleton is composed of two bones: the radius and the ulna. This is closely related to manipulative movements. The ulna is part of the elbow joint, whereas the radius and ulna together with the scaphoid and lunate bones, form the wrist joints. Thus, morphofunctional analysis of the adult Sima de los Huesos (SH) forearm bones, provides clues about manipulative activities in one Pleistocene population. From 1976 to the present, over 7000 human fossils have been recovered from the SH site. The radial sample comprised 98 labeled fragments, of which 49 belonged to adult individuals, representing at least 7 individuals. The ulnar sample included 31 labeled adult fossils representing at least nine individuals. In this study, we describe the SH radii and ulnae and analyze their functional implications for manipulative and forearm movements. We confirmed that the SH radii are long and curved, with variations in robusticity and radial tuberosity orientation. The SH ulnae are characterized by an anteriorly oriented trochlear notch, a massive olecranon process, an obliquely oriented radial notch, a blunt and short supinator crest, a gracile and curved diaphysis, and a round and anteriorly oriented pronator crests. In general, they exhibit Neanderthal morphology. The SH collection provides a unique opportunity to conduct morphological analyses of these bones in the Middle Pleistocene population.
Funder
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
Subject
Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics,Histology,Biotechnology,Anatomy
Cited by
1 articles.
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