Cuproptosis: Mechanism, role, and advances in urological malignancies

Author:

Wu Jialong1,He Jide1,Liu Zenan1,Zhu Xuehua1,Li Ziang1,Chen Anjing23,Lu Jian1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Urology Peking University Third Hospital Beijing China

2. Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital and Institute of Brain and Brain‐Inspired Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine Shandong University Jinan Shandong China

3. Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory and Shandong Key Laboratory of Brain Function Remodeling Jinan China

Abstract

AbstractProstate, bladder, and kidney cancers are the most common malignancies of the urinary system. Chemotherapeutic drugs are generally used as adjuvant treatment in the middle, late, or recurrence stages after surgery for urologic cancers. However, traditional chemotherapy is plagued by problems such as poor efficacy, severe side effects, and complications. Copper‐containing nanomedicines are promising novel cancer treatment modalities that can potentially overcome these disadvantages. Copper homeostasis and cuproptosis play crucial roles in the development, adaptability, and therapeutic sensitivity of urological malignancies. Cuproptosis refers to the direct binding of copper ions to lipoylated components of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, leading to protein oligomerization, loss of iron–sulfur proteins, proteotoxic stress, and cell death. This review focuses on copper homeostasis and cuproptosis as well as recent findings on copper and cuproptosis in urological malignancies. Furthermore, we highlight the potential therapeutic applications of copper‐ and cuproptosis‐targeted therapies to better understand cuproptosis‐based drugs for the treatment of urological tumors in the future.

Publisher

Wiley

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