Distribution of gestational age at birth by maternal and infant characteristics in U.S. birth certificate data: Informing gestational age assumptions when clinical estimates are not available

Author:

Margulis Andrea V.1ORCID,Calingaert Brian2ORCID,Kawai Alison T.3ORCID,Rivero‐Ferrer Elena1ORCID,Anthony Mary S.2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Pharmacoepidemiology and Risk Management RTI Health Solutions Barcelona Spain

2. Pharmacoepidemiology and Risk Management RTI Health Solutions Research Triangle Park North Carolina USA

3. Pharmacoepidemiology and Risk Management RTI Health Solutions Waltham Massachusetts USA

Abstract

AbstractPurposeWe aimed to describe the distribution of gestational age at birth (GAB) to inform the estimation of GAB when clinical or obstetric estimates are not available for perinatal pharmacoepidemiology studies.MethodsWe estimated GAB (median, mode, mean, and standard deviation) and percentage born at each gestational week in groups based on plurality and other variables for live births in CDC's U.S. birth data.ResultsIn 2020, 3 617 213 newborns had birth certificates with nonmissing GAB. Among singletons (3 501 693), median and mode GAB were both 39 weeks. Births with lower median GAB were from women with eclampsia (37 weeks) or receiving intensive care (37 weeks); newborns receiving intensive care (37 weeks); newborns with birth weight <2500 g (35 weeks), <1500 g (28 weeks), or <1000 g (25 weeks); and newborns not discharged alive (23 weeks). Among twins (112 633), median GAB was 36 weeks (mode, 37 weeks). Additional noteworthy groups were women with 0–6 prenatal visits (median, 34 weeks) or 7–8 prenatal visits (median, 35 weeks) or aged 15–19 years (median, 35 weeks).ConclusionsSome maternal and infant groups had distinct GAB distributions in the United States. This information can be useful in estimating GAB when individual‐level clinical estimates are not available, such as in database studies of medication use during pregnancy.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Pharmacology (medical),Epidemiology

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