Resilience and depressive symptoms in inpatients with depression: A cross‐lagged panel model

Author:

Meule Adrian123ORCID,Lieb Klaus45ORCID,Chmitorz Andrea6ORCID,Voderholzer Ulrich127ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Hospital of the LMU Munich Munich Germany

2. Schoen Clinic Roseneck Prien am Chiemsee Germany

3. Institute of Medical Psychology LMU Munich Munich Germany

4. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University Medical Centre Mainz Mainz Germany

5. Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research Mainz Germany

6. Faculty of Social Work, Education and Nursing Esslingen University of Applied Sciences Esslingen Germany

7. Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center University of Freiburg Freiburg Germany

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundResilience—the ability to bounce back or quickly recover from stress—has been found to predict treatment outcome in patients with mental disorders such as depression. The current study aimed to test whether resilience itself changes during treatment and whether resilience exclusively predicts changes in depressive symptoms or whether depressive symptoms also predict changes in resilience.MethodsInpatients with depression (N = 2165; average length of stay M = 60 days, SD = 32) completed the Brief Resilience Scale and the Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Scale at admission and discharge, scores of which were used to run a cross‐lagged panel model.ResultsResilience increased and depressive symptoms decreased from admission to discharge. Cross‐sectionally, higher resilience was related to lower depressive symptoms at admission and at discharge. Prospectively, higher resilience at admission predicted stronger decreases in depressive symptoms, and higher depressive symptoms at admission predicted smaller increases in resilience.LimitationsSelf‐report questionnaires may potentially be biased (e.g., through recall bias, social desirability, or demand effects).ConclusionsThe current study further supports that resilience is related not only to fewer mental health problems cross‐sectionally but also is sensitive to change and a predictor of treatment outcome in patients with mental disorders. Given this pivotal role in mental health, the current findings highlight the importance of prevention and intervention approaches for promoting resilience in the general population and in persons with mental disorders in particular.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Clinical Psychology

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