Dual‐Emissive Iridium(III) Complexes and Their Applications in Biological Sensing and Imaging

Author:

Ruan Zhipeng1,Yang Jun1,Li Yonghua1,Zhang Kenneth Yin1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM) Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications 9 Wenyuan Road Nanjing 210023 P. R. China

Abstract

AbstractPhosphorescent iridium(III) complexes are widely recognized for their unique properties in the excited triplet state, making them crucial for various applications including biological sensing and imaging. Most of these complexes display single phosphorescence emission from the lowest‐lying triplet state after undergoing highly efficient intersystem crossing (ISC) and ultrafast internal conversion (IC) processes. However, in cases where these excited‐state processes are restricted, the less common phenomenon of dual emission has been observed. This dual emission phenomenon presents an opportunity for developing biological probes and imaging agents with multiple emission bands of different wavelengths. Compared to intensity‐based biosensing, where the existence and concentration of an analyte are indicated by the brightness of the probe, the emission profile response involves modifications in emission color. This enables quantification by utilizing the intensity ratio of different wavelengths, which is self‐calibrating and unaffected by the probe concentration and excitation laser power. Moreover, dual‐emissive probes have the potential to demonstrate distinct responses to multiple analytes at separate wavelengths, providing orthogonal detection capabilities. In this concept, we focus on iridium(III) complexes displaying fluorescence‐phosphorescence or phosphorescence‐phosphorescence dual emission, along with their applications as biological probes for sensing and imaging.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications

Publisher

Wiley

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