1. State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology; Beijing Normal University; Beijing China
2. State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences; Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Science; Lanzhou China
3. State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science; College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University; Beijing China
4. Department of Geographical Sciences; University of Maryland; College Park MaryLand USA
5. Key laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Disaster Reduction of Gansu Province/Key Open Laboratory of Arid Climatic Change and Disaster Reduction of China Meteorological Administration; Institute of Arid Meteorology; Lanzhou China