Affiliation:
1. Department of Health Feira de Santana State University Feira de Santana Bahia Brazil
2. Epidemiology Surveillance Federal District Health State Department Distrito Federal Brasília Brazil
3. Faculty of Health Sciences University of Brasilia Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil
4. Department of Preventive Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry Federal University of Bahia Salvador Brazil
5. Graduate Program in Dentistry Federal University of Maranhão São Luis Maranhão Brazil
6. School of Dentistry The University of Queensland Queensland Australia
7. Department of Oral Biology University at Buffalo Buffalo New York USA
8. School of Dentistry University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio Texas USA
9. Health Sciences Center Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia Bahia Brazil
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundExcess weight (EW), especially in women of childbearing age, those who are pregnant, as well as postpartum, is a problem worldwide. Fat accumulation deregulates the inflammatory response, contributing to the development of health problems, such as periodontitis. This study investigated the association between EW and periodontitis during pregnancy.MethodsA cross‐sectional, multicenter study involved 1745 postpartum women in Brazil. Socioeconomic‐demographic data, gestational history, lifestyle behavior, and general and oral health conditions were obtained. Pre‐pregnancy body mass index (BMI) was collected from medical records with EW being the exposure. Both tooth loss and clinical attachment level (CAL) were evaluated, and the presence of periodontitis was the outcome. Logistic regression, odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI), and quantile regression, beta coefficient and 95% CI, estimated the association between EW (BMI) and periodontitis and its combined effect with tooth loss ≥3, as dichotomous and continuous variables (CAL and tooth loss), with 5% significance level.ResultsThe EW was 27.7% prevalent and periodontitis was 11.7%. There was a positive association between EW and periodontitis: ORadjusted:1.39; 95% CI:1.01;1.92 and between EW and periodontitis combined with tooth loss ≥3: ORadjusted:1.73; 95% CI:1.36;2.20. The adjusted association between EW and periodontitis as continuous variables was also positive, showing that for each unit of increased BMI, there was an elevation in the mean CAL (p = 0.04) and tooth loss (p < 0.01), with statistical significance.ConclusionsThere was a moderate association between EW and periodontitis during pregnancy, with an even greater association of pregnant women with EW presenting periodontitis combined with tooth loss.