Qualification of the differential leukocyte count and immunophenotyping in cryopreserved ex vivo whole blood assay

Author:

Imbratta Claire1,Gela Anele1,Bilek Nicole1,Mabwe Simbarashe1,Cloete Yolundi1,Mortensen Rasmus2,Borges Álvaro H.2,Maenetje Pholo34,Mlotshwa Mandla34,Churchyard Gavin34,Sudi Lwitiho5,Sabi Issa5,Meewes Peter6,Wallis Carole L.67,Hatherill Mark1,Scriba Thomas J.1,Nemes Elisa1

Affiliation:

1. South African Tuberculosis Vaccine Initiative, Division of Immunology, Department of Pathology, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa

2. Department of Infectious Diseases Immunology Statens Serum Institut Copenhagen Denmark

3. Aurum Institute Parktown South Africa

4. Department of Medicine Vanderbilt University Nashville Tennessee USA

5. Mbeya Medical Research Centre National Institute for Medical Research (NIMR) Mbeya Tanzania

6. BARC South Africa

7. Lancet Laboratories Johannesburg South Africa

Abstract

AbstractWe developed a flow cytometry‐based assay, termed Differential Leukocyte Counting and Immunophenotyping in Cryopreserved Ex vivo whole blood (DLC‐ICE), that allows quantification of absolute counts and frequencies of leukocyte subsets and measures expression of activation, phenotypic and functional markers. We evaluated the performance of the DLC‐ICE assay by determining inter‐operator variability for processing fresh whole blood (WB) from healthy donors collected at multiple clinical sites. In addition, we assessed inter‐operator variability for staining of fixed cells and robustness across different anticoagulants. Accuracy was evaluated by comparing DLC‐ICE measurements to real‐time cell enumeration using an accredited hematology analyzer. Finally, we developed and tested the performance of a 27‐colour immunophenotyping panel on cryopreserved fixed WB and compared results to matched fresh WB. Overall, we observed <20% variability in absolute counts and frequencies of granulocytes, monocytes and lymphocytes (T, B and NK cells) when fresh WB was collected in different anti‐coagulant tubes, processed or stained by independent operators. Absolute cell counts measured across operators and anti‐coagulants using the DLC‐ICE method exhibited excellent correlation with the reference method, complete blood count (CBC) with differential, measured using a hematology analyzer (r2 > 0.9 for majority of measurements). A comparison of leukocyte immunophenotyping on fresh WB versus DLC‐ICE processed blood yielded equivalent and linear results over a wide dynamic range (r2 = 0.94 over 10–104 cells/μL). These results demonstrate low variability across trained operators, high robustness, linearity and accuracy, supporting utility of the DLC‐ICE assay for large cohort studies involving multiple clinical research sites.

Funder

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation

European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Cell Biology,Histology,Pathology and Forensic Medicine

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