Living alone and cancer mortality by race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status among US working‐age adults

Author:

Lee Hyunjung1ORCID,Singh Gopal K.2ORCID,Jemal Ahmedin1ORCID,Islami Farhad1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Surveillance and Health Equity Science Department American Cancer Society Atlanta Georgia USA

2. Office of Health Equity Health Resources and Services Administration US Department of Health and Human Services Rockville Maryland USA

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have shown an association between living alone and cancer mortality; however, findings by sex and race/ethnicity have generally been inconsistent, and data by socioeconomic status are sparse. The association between living alone and cancer mortality by sex, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status in a nationally representative US cohort was examined.MethodsPooled 1998–2019 data for adults aged 18–64 years at enrollment from the National Health Interview Survey linked to the National Death Index (N = 473,648) with up to 22 years of follow‐up were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for the association between living alone and cancer mortality.ResultsCompared to adults living with others, adults living alone were at a higher risk of cancer death in the age‐adjusted model (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.25–1.39) and after additional adjustments for multiple sociodemographic characteristics and cancer risk factors (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.04–1.16). Age‐adjusted models stratified by sex, poverty level, and educational attainment showed similar associations between living alone and cancer mortality, but the association was stronger among non‐Hispanic White adults (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.25–1.42) than non‐Hispanic Black adults (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.05–1.32; p value for difference < .05) and did not exist in other racial/ethnic groups. These associations were attenuated but persisted in fully adjusted models among men (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.05–1.23), women (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.01–1.18), non‐Hispanic White adults (HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.05–1.20), and adults with a college degree (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.07–1.39).ConclusionsIn this nationally representative study in the United States, adults living alone were at a higher risk of cancer death in several sociodemographic groups.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Cancer Research,Oncology

Reference41 articles.

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