Affiliation:
1. Hydrogen Energy Institute Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
2. Institute of Process Equipment Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
3. Donghai Laboratory Zhoushan China
4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
5. Institute of Energy Materials Science University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai China
Abstract
AbstractHydrogen (H2) has been regarded as a promising alternative to fossil‐fuel energy. Green H2 produced via water electrolysis (WE) powered by renewable energy could achieve a zero‐carbon footprint. Considerable attention has been focused on developing highly active catalysts to facilitate the reaction kinetics and improve the energy efficiency of WE. However, the stability of the electrocatalysts hampers the commercial viability of WE. Few studies have elucidated the origin of catalyst degradation. In this review, we first discuss the WE mechanism, including anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and cathodic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Then, we provide strategies used to enhance the stability of electrocatalysts. After that, the deactivation mechanisms of the typical commercialized HER and OER catalysts, including Pt, Ni, RuO2, and IrO2, are summarized. Finally, the influence of fluctuating energy on catalyst degradation is highlighted and in situ characterization methodologies for understanding the dynamic deactivation processes are described.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Cited by
7 articles.
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