Child and caregiver predictors of primary caregiver participation in families of school‐aged Autistic children

Author:

Davy Gemma1ORCID,Barbaro Josephine1ORCID,Unwin Katy2ORCID,Clark Megan1ORCID,Jellett Rachel3ORCID,Date Perrin1ORCID,Muniandy Melanie1ORCID,Dissanayake Cheryl1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, Department of Psychology, Counselling & Therapy La Trobe University Bundoora Victoria Australia

2. Department of Psychology, Counselling & Therapy La Trobe University Bundoora Victoria Australia

3. Department of Psychological Sciences Swinburne University of Technology Australia

Abstract

AbstractEngaging in meaningful activities (e.g., leisure, spiritual, fitness) significantly affects caregivers' quality of life (QoL), yet the determinants of participation in caregivers of Autistic children remain largely unknown. The current study examined child and caregiver correlates of primary caregiver participation in meaningful activities. One hundred and six primary caregivers of Autistic children (7–12 years) were recruited from three unique cohorts of Autistic children in this cross‐sectional study. Primary caregivers completed online questionnaires measuring occupational gaps (i.e., desired activities caregivers are not participating in), QoL, parenting stress, perceived family outcomes, and social support. In addition to undertaking direct assessments of children's cognition and language, primary caregivers also reported on their child's adaptive behavior, social–emotional skills, and participation. Caregivers reporting fewer occupational gaps (i.e., ≤2 desired activities) were more likely to have Autistic children with no co‐occurring conditions, who were older, and with better adaptive behaviors, social–emotional skills, and more frequent home and school participation, compared to caregivers reporting many gaps (i.e., ≥3 desired activities). Caregivers with fewer occupational gaps also reported improved QoL, parenting stress, social support, perceived community inclusiveness, and family outcomes. Logistic regression analysis identified child age, child adaptive behavior, social–emotional skills, home participation, and the caregivers' perceived family outcomes and QoL as important predictors of their occupational gaps. The findings demonstrate that caregiver participation in desired activities was associated with increased functional ability and independence of the child, as well as their perceived capacity to meet their child's needs. Supporting parents' sense of efficacy in meeting their children's needs and building their skills and knowledge will serve to improve both caregiver and child outcomes.

Funder

National Health and Medical Research Council

Publisher

Wiley

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