Resorbable Layered Double Hydroxides‐Based Composite Implants Synergistically Accelerates Critical‐Sized Defect Closure

Author:

Mohan Vimala Devi1ORCID,V. K. Anupama Devi2,Haridoss Pushkin Raj3,Uthirappan Mani4,Thada Raja Rajeshwari15,Manikantan Syamala Kiran1,Tiruchirapalli Sivagnanam Uma1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Biological Materials Laboratory CSIR‐Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI) Adyar Chennai Tamil Nadu 600025 India

2. Department of Biomedical Engineering GKM College of Engineering & Technology Perungalathur Chennai Tamil Nadu 600063 India

3. Department of Veterinary Surgery & Radiology Madras Veterinary College (TANUVAS) Chennai Tamil Nadu 600007 India

4. Animal House CSIR‐Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI) Adyar Chennai Tamil Nadu 600020 India

5. Department of Leather Technology, (Housed at CSIR‐Central Leather Research Institute), Alagappa College of Technology Anna University Chennai Tamil Nadu 600020 India

Abstract

AbstractThe study focuses on the fabrication of a composite implant composed of MgAl layered double hydroxides (LDH), gelatin, and diosgenin and its regeneration potential in experimentally‐induced tibial defect in rabbits. The implant is fabricated by blending and lyophilization technique and eventually cross‐linked using glutaraldehyde. The implant is characterized by attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and compressive strength. A sustained release of diosgenin occurs over a period of 28 days. The osteogenic activity is analyzed by alkaline phosphatase activity and alizarin red S staining; that aid in determining the extent of biomineralization. The results also demonstrate that LGD100 implant stimulates the expression of genes associated with osteoblastic activities in MG‐63 cells, namely type I collagen, osteocalcin, and osteopontin. The bone regeneration capacity of diosgenin‐loaded gelatin‐based LDH implant is then tested by creating critical bone defects in the tibia of rabbits by using empty bone defects as controls. Periodic radiographs are taken which show promising results. Histological and immunohistochemical staining confirm that after treatment with LGD100, new bone is formed at the defect site. This study suggests that LGD100 implant aids in faster bone formation as it mimics the natural properties of bone.

Funder

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Pharmacology (medical),Biochemistry (medical),Genetics (clinical),Pharmaceutical Science,Pharmacology,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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