Design and Advanced Manufacturing of NU‐1000 Metal–Organic Frameworks with Future Perspectives for Environmental and Renewable Energy Applications

Abstract

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) represent a relatively new family of materials that attract lots of attention thanks to their unique features such as hierarchical porosity, active metal centers, versatility of linkers/metal nodes, and large surface area. Among the extended list of MOFs, Zr‐based‐MOFs demonstrate comparably superior chemical and thermal stabilities, making them ideal candidates for energy and environmental applications. As a Zr‐MOF, NU‐1000 is first synthesized at Northwestern University. A comprehensive review of various approaches to the synthesis of NU‐1000 MOFs for obtaining unique surface properties (e.g., diverse surface morphologies, large surface area, and particular pore size distribution) and their applications in the catalysis (electro‐, and photo‐catalysis), CO2 reduction, batteries, hydrogen storage, gas storage/separation, and other environmental fields are presented. The review further outlines the current challenges in the development of NU‐1000 MOFs and their derivatives in practical applications, revealing areas for future investigation.