Fracture Resistant CrSi2‐Doped Silicon Nanoparticle Anodes for Fast‐Charge Lithium–Ion Batteries

Author:

Li Weiqun12,Luo Chucheng34,Fu Jimin5,Yang Juan3,Zhou Xiangyang3,Tang Jingjing3,Mehdi B. Layla126ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Mechanical Materials and Aerospace Engineering University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 3GH UK

2. The Faraday Institution Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0RA UK

3. School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South University Changsha Hunan 410083 China

4. College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering Hunan University of Arts and Science Changde Hunan 415000 China

5. Research Institute for Intelligent Wearable Systems School of Fashion and Textiles Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong SAR 999077 P. R. China

6. Albert Crewe Centre for Electron Microscopy University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 3GL UK

Abstract

AbstractLithium–ion batteries (LIBs) has been developed over the last three decades. Increased amount of silicon (Si) is added into graphite anode to increase the energy density of LIBs. However, the amount of Si is limited, due to its structural instability and poor electronic conductivity so a novel approach is needed to overcome these issues. In this work, the synthesized chromium silicide (CrSi2) doped Si nanoparticle anode material achieves an initial capacity of 1729.3 mAh g−1 at 0.2C and retains 1085 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles. The new anode also shows fast charge capability due to the enhanced electronic conductivity provided by CrSi2 dopant, delivering a capacity of 815.9 mAh g−1 at 1C after 1000 cycles with a capacity degradation rate of <0.05% per cycle. An in situ transmission electron microscopy is used to study the structural stability of the CrSi2‐doped Si, indicating that the high control of CrSi2 dopant prevents the fracture of Si during lithiation and results in long cycle life. Molecular dynamics simulation shows that CrSi2 doping optimizes the crack propagation path and dissipates the fracture energy. In this work a comprehensive information is provided to study the function of metal ion doping in electrode materials.

Funder

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

Wiley

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