Sandwich‐Structured Mxene/Waste Polyurethane Foam Composites For Highly Efficient Electromagnetic Interference, Infrared Shielding and Joule Heating

Abstract

AbstractElectromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and infrared (IR) stealth materials have attracted increasing attention owing to the rapid development of modern communication and military surveillance technologies. However, to realize excellent EMI shielding and IR stealth performance simultaneously remains a great challenge. Herein, a facile strategy is demonstrated to prepare high‐efficiency EMI shielding and IR stealth materials of sandwich‐structured MXene‐based thin foam composites (M‐W‐M) via filtration and hot‐pressing. In this composite, the conductive Ti3C2Tx MXene/cellulose nanofiber (MXene/CNF) film serves as the outer layer, which reflects electromagnetic waves and reduces the IR emissivity. Meanwhile, the middle layer is composed of a porous waste polyurethane foam (WPUF), which not only improves thermal insulation capacity but also extends electromagnetic wave propagation paths. Owing to the unique sandwich structure of “film‐foam‐film”, the M‐W‐M composite exhibits a high EMI shielding effectiveness of 83.37 dB, and in the meantime extremely low emissivity (22.17%) in the wavelength range of 7–14 µm and thermal conductivity (0.19 W m−1 K−1), giving rise to impressive IR stealth performance at various surrounding temperatures. Remarkably, the M‐W‐M composite also shows excellent Joule heating properties, capable of maintaining the IR stealth function during Joule heating.