Engineering Faradaic Electrode Materials for High‐Efficiency Water Desalination

Author:

Zhou Xiaoli1ORCID,Shu Shirui1,Ye Xiaoyu1,Li Zejun23

Affiliation:

1. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering Nanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing 210094 China

2. Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education School of Physics Frontiers Science Center for Mobile Information Communication and Security Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China

3. Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing 211111 China

Abstract

AbstractWater desalination technologies play a key role in addressing the global water scarcity crisis and ensuring a sustainable supply of freshwater. In contrast to conventional capacitive deionization, which suffers from limitations such as low desalination capacity, carbon anode oxidation, and co‐ion expulsion effects of carbon materials, the emerging faradaic electrochemical deionization (FDI) presents a promising avenue for enhancing water desalination performance. These electrode materials employed faradaic charge‐transfer processes for ion removal, achieving higher desalination capacity and energy‐efficient desalination for high salinity streams. The past decade has witnessed a surge in the advancement of faradaic electrode materials and considerable efforts have been made to explore optimization strategies for improving their desalination performance. This review summarizes the recent progress on the optimization strategies and underlying mechanisms of faradaic electrode materials in pursuit of high‐efficiency water desalination, including phase, doping and vacancy engineering, nanocarbon incorporation, heterostructures construction, interlayer spacing engineering, and morphology engineering. The key points of each strategy in design principle, modification method, structural analysis, and optimization mechanism of faradaic materials are discussed in detail. Finally, this work highlights the remaining challenges of faradaic electrode materials and present perspectives for future research.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

Publisher

Wiley

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