Monodispersed and Monofunctionalized DNA‐Caged Au Nano‐Clusters with Enhanced Optical Properties for STED Imaging

Author:

Qi Liqing12,Xiao Yating23,Fu Xiaoyi2,Yang Hongwei4,Fang Le2,Xu Rui5,Ping Jiantao6,Han Da1235,Jiang Yifei123,Fang Xiaohong1234ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China

2. The Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province for Aptamers and Theranostics Zhejiang Cancer Hospital Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM) Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou Hanghzou 310022 China

3. School of Molecular Medicine Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study UCAS Hangzhou 310024 China

4. Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

5. Institute of Molecular Medicine (IMM) Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China

6. Shandong Analysis and Test Center Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences) Jinan 250014 China

Abstract

AbstractThe performance of Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy depends critically on the fluorescent probe. Ultrasmall Au nanoclusters (Au NCs) exhibit large Stokes shift, and good stimulated emission response, which are potentially useful for STED imaging. However, Au NCs are polydispersed in size, sensitive to the surrounding environment, and difficult to control surface functional group stoichiometry, which results in reduced density and high heterogeneity in the labeling of biological structures. Here, this limitation is overcome by developing a method to encapsulate ultrasmall Au NCs with DNA cages, which yielded monodispersed, and monofunctionalized Au NCs that are long‐term stable. Moreover, the DNA‐caging also greatly improved the fluorescence quantum yield and photostability of Au NCs. In STED imaging, the DNA‐caged Au NCs yielded ≈40 nm spatial resolution and are able to resolve microtubule line shapes with good labeling density and homogeneity. In contrast, without caging, the Au NCs‐DNA conjugates only achieved ≈55 nm resolution and yielded spotted, poorly resolved microtubule structures, due to the presence of aggregates. Overall, a method is developed to achieve precise surface functionalization and greatly improve the monodispersity, stability, as well as optical properties of Au NCs, providing a promising class of fluorescent probes for STED imaging.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

Wiley

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