RhRu Alloy‐Anchored MXene Nanozyme for Synergistic Osteosarcoma Therapy

Abstract

Noble metal nanozymes hold promise in cancer therapy due to adjustable enzyme‐like activities, unique physicochemical properties, etc. But catalytic activities of monometallic nanozyme are confined. In this study, 2D titanium carbide (Ti3C2Tx)‐supported RhRu alloy nanoclusters (RhRu/Ti3C2Tx) are prepared by a hydrothermal method and utilized for synergistic therapy of chemodynamic therapy (CDT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), and photothermal therapy (PTT) on osteosarcoma. The nanoclusters are small in size (3.6 nm), uniform in distribution, and have excellent catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD)‐like activities. Density functional theory calculations show that there is a significant electron transfer interaction between RhRu and Ti3C2Tx, which has strong adsorption to H2O2 and is beneficial to enhance the enzyme‐like activity. Furthermore, RhRu/Ti3C2Tx nanozyme acts as both PTT agent for converting light into heat, and photosensitizer for catalyzing O2 to 1O2. With the NIR‐reinforced POD‐ and CAT‐like activity, excellent photothermal and photodynamic performance, the synergistic CDT/PDT/PTT effect of RhRu/Ti3C2Tx on osteosarcoma is verified by in vitro and in vivo experiments. This study is expected to provide a new research direction for the treatment of osteosarcoma and other tumors.