Feline respiratory disease. Part 1: common causes and reaching a diagnosis

Abstract

Background: Chronic nasal discharge and sneezing are common presenting signs in cats and can be caused by a number of underlying disorders, some of which can be effectively treated but others of which are among the most frustrating conditions we have to deal with. Secondary bacterial infections are a common complication whatever the primary aetiology, so there is often improvement in response to a course of antibiotics, but it is frequently only a temporary fix. Reaching a definitive diagnosis at an early stage identifies those conditions that can be treated effectively and leads to a better understanding of the prognosis for those that can't. Given the similarity in clinical signs for all underlying causes, reaching a diagnosis will require investigation under anaesthesia in most cases, but investigations can often be undertaken in first‐opinion practice without the need for referral.Aim of the article: This article, the first in a two‐part series, will review common causes of nasal discharge in the UK cat population and the diagnostic investigations that can assist in reaching a definitive diagnosis. The second article, to be published in a subsequent issue of In Practice, will review current approaches to managing these conditions.