A Review on Seed Oil‐Based Polyurethane and Its Composites Derived from Biosources: Synthesis, Degradation, and Adsorption Studies

Abstract

AbstractPolyurethanes (PUs) are versatile polymers used in industries at large scale. PUs are in used in the form of foam, elastomers, adhesives, fibers, thermosets, thermoplastics, etc. Polyols and isocyanates are the two compounds used to synthesize PU. Day by day increasing price of crude oil and its destructive impact on the environment motivate researchers to develop bio‐PU. Seed oils are attracting nowadays because of their renewability and low cost. They are the best substitutes for fossil fuel‐based polyol used in the preparation of PUs. However, these bio‐based PUs show lower thermal, mechanical properties, which needs improvement to further their utilization. The need to maintain a cleaner environment for the survival of both aquatic and terrestrial lives including human beings is very crucial and is a subject of increasing concern to the environmentalists. The removal of heavy metals, dyes, and organic pollutants from wastewater before their discharge in the environmental is very important due to its polluting effect on the underground water. This review article emphasizes on to provide insight on the developments in the field of chemistry, types, and synthesis of various PUs, as well as on the components used to synthesize bio‐based PUs and water treatment applications. Additionally, details on the PU's environmental friendliness are highlighted, with a focus on their potential to recycling and recovery. This review also highlights the details of the synthesis, uses, and potential futures of PU composites.