Pharmacokinetics and Comparative Bioavailability of Test or Reference Capecitabine and Discrepant Pharmacokinetics Among Various Tumors in Chinese Solid Cancer Patients

Abstract

AbstractThe main objective of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic (PK) bioequivalence of two capecitabine tablets and explore the different PK profiles of various tumors in Chinese patients with cancer. All 76 patients with a confirmed cancer diagnosis were included in this study. A single dose of 2000 mg of test or reference capecitabine (Xeloda, Hoffmann–La Roche) was orally administered postprandially. After 24 hours of washout, the patients were administered the test or the reference capecitabine alternately. PK samples were taken at the time of predose up to 6 hours postdose. Bioequivalence evaluation was performed using the geometric mean ratios of peak concentration in plasma (Cmax), area under the concentration‐time curve from time 0 to 6 h (AUC0‐t), and area under the concentration‐time curve from time 0 to infinity (AUC0‐∞) for capecitabine and 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU). In this study, 90% confidence intervals of test/reference mean ratios of Cmax, AUC0‐t, AUC0‐∞ of capecitabine and 5‐FU were in the range of 80%–125%. Both the test and reference capecitabine regimens were well tolerated in this study. Furthermore, we found that patients with esophageal‐gastrointestinal cancers had higher exposure to capecitabine and a shorter time to Cmax (Tmax) than those with breast cancer. In conclusion, a single oral dose of 2000 mg of test capecitabine tablets after postprandial administration was bioequivalent to the reference drug.