Proinflammatory cytokine levels and peri‐implant parameters among cigarette smokers, individuals vaping electronic cigarettes, and non‐smokers

Author:

ArRejaie Aws S.1,Al‐Aali Khulud Abdulrahman2,Alrabiah Mohammed1,Vohra Fahim3,Mokeem Sameer A.4,Basunbul Ghadeer5,Alrahlah Ali6,Abduljabbar Tariq3

Affiliation:

1. Department of Prosthetic Dental ScienceCollege of DentistryKing Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

2. Department of ProsthodonticsCollege of DentistryPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

3. Department Of Prosthetic Dental ScienceCollege Of DentistryKing Saud UniversityEng. Abdullah Bugshan research chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation Riyadh Saudi Arabia

4. Department of Periodontics and Community DentistryKing Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia

5. Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation DepartmentFaculty of DentistryKing Abdul Aziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia

6. Department Of Restorative Dental ScienceCollege Of DentistryKing Saud UniversityEng. Abdullah Bugshan research chair for Dental and Oral Rehabilitation Riyadh Saudi Arabia

Funder

Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University

King Saud University

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Periodontics

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