Affiliation:
1. Student Research Committee Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
2. Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center Pediatrics Centre of Excellence Children's Medical Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
3. Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
4. Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition Research Center Research Institute for Children's Health Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundOverall, there is conflicting evidence regarding the beneficial effects of optimal lifestyle modification, particularly weight loss interventions, with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)). Therefore, this study investigated the effects of weight loss interventions on laboratory and clinical parameters in children and adolescents with NAFLD.MethodsOriginal databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Embase) were searched using standard keywords to identify all controlled trials investigating the effects of weight loss interventions among NAFLD children and adolescents. Pooled weighted mean difference and 95% confidence intervals were achieved by random‐effects model analysis.ResultsEighteen eligible clinical trials were included in this systematic review and meta‐analysis. The pooled findings showed that especially more intense weight loss interventions significantly reduced the glucose (p = 0.007), insulin (p = 0.002), homeostatic model assessment‐insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) (p = 0.003), weight (p = 0.025), body mass index (BMI) (p = 0.003), BMI z‐score (p < 0.001), waist circumference (WC) (p = 0.013), triglyceride (TG) (p = 0.001), and aspartate transaminase (AST) (p = 0.027). However, no significant changes were found in total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), alanine transaminase (ALT), and hepatic steatosis grades (all p > 0.05) following weight loss interventions.ConclusionsWeight loss interventions had significant effects on NAFLD‐related parameters including glucose, insulin, HOMA‐IR, weight, BMI, BMI z‐score, WC, TG, and AST.