1. CMA‐NJU Joint Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies, Institute for Climate and Global Change Research, School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China
2. Department of Geography and Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of California Los Angeles CA USA
3. Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science and Technology, International Institute for Earth System Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing China
4. Jet Propulsion Laboratory California Institute of Technology Pasadena CA USA
5. Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences Nanjing China
6. Department of Global Ecology Carnegie Institution of Washington Stanford CA USA