The evolutionary advantages of chelonians are making them vulnerable to extinction in the Anthropocene

Abstract

AbstractChelonians have survived for more than 200 million years. The distinct form of the chelonian shell stands as a testament to their enduring success, having survived millions of years of natural selection pressures. Unfortunately, traits and strategies that once ensured their survival—including their shell, strong environmental tolerance, long lifespan, and temperature‐dependent sex determination—are turning into disadvantages, particularly in the Anthropocene. This article outlines how this evolutionary success story is now on the brink of an extinction crisis.