1. Department of Mechanical Engineering; College of Engineering, Tikrit University; Tikrit Iraq
2. Department of Mechanical Engineering; College of Engineering, University of Kirkuk; Kirkuk Iraq
3. Mechanical Engineering Department; College of Engineering, Al-Nahrain University; Baghdad Iraq
4. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering; Universiti Malaysia Pahang; Pekan Pahang Malaysia
5. Automotive Engineering Centre; Universiti Malaysia Pahang; Pekan Pahang Malaysia