Effect of an Escherichia coli–derived phytase and a carbohydrase–protease cocktail derived from Bacillus spp. on performance, digestibility, bone mineralization and gut morphology in broilers fed different nutrient density diets

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundEnzyme combinations, particularly phytase (PHY) with various carbohydrases and proteases, are utilized in commercial broiler production to enhance nutrient and energy bioavailability.ObjectiveA feeding study was undertaken to determine whether the efficiency of an Escherichia coli–derived PHY and a feed enzyme complex (FEC) derived from Bacillus spp. containing carbohydrase and protease as main activities in broiler chickens is dependent on diet quality. A total of 900 male one‐day‐old broiler chickens (Ross 308) were assigned to a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of the treatments with 2 different nutrient density diets, standard nutrient diet (SN diet) and a low‐nutrient diet (LN diet; −100 kcal/kg for AMEn and −5% for crude protein [CP] and limiting amino acids), and 3 enzyme treatments (control [no enzymes], PHY and PHY + FEC). Each treatment group was composed of 6 replicates of 25 birds each.ResultsThe LN diet caused a decrease in performance index, tibia length and diameter, tibia calcium content and jejunal villus surface area (VSA). The interaction effects between diet and enzyme supplementation were observed (p < 0.05) on overall average daily gain (ADG), performance index, tibia ash content and jejunal villus height (VH) and VSA, with the favourable benefits of PHY + FEC treatment being more pronounced in the LN diets. Regardless of dietary nutrient density, supplementation with PHY alone or combined with FEC enhanced (p < 0.05) final body weight, overall ADG and jejunal villus height (VH)/crypt depth, with the highest values observed in the PHY + FEC group. The PHY + FEC treatment also improved (p < 0.05) overall feed conversion ratio, apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, CP, and energy, and tibia phosphorus content compared to the control treatment.ConclusionsThe results indicate that the simultaneous addition of PHY and FEC to the LN diets improved the growth rate, bone mineralization and gut morphology.